chrome.declarativeWebRequest
- Description
Note: this API is currently on hold, without concrete plans to move to stable. Use the
chrome.declarativeWebRequest
API to intercept, block, or modify requests in-flight. It is significantly faster than thechrome.webRequest
API because you can register rules that are evaluated in the browser rather than the JavaScript engine, which reduces roundtrip latencies and allows higher efficiency. - Permissions
declarativeWebRequest
- AvailabilityBeta and Dev channels only.
Manifest #
You must declare the "declarativeWebRequest" permission in the extension manifest to use this API, along with host permissions.
{
"name": "My extension",
...
"permissions": [
"declarativeWebRequest",
"*://*/*"
],
...
}
Note that certain types of non-sensitive actions do not require host permissions:
CancelRequest
IgnoreRules
RedirectToEmptyDocument
RedirectToTransparentImage
The SendMessageToExtension
action requires host permissions for any hosts whose network requests you want to trigger a message.
All other actions require host permissions to all URLs.
As an example, if "*://*.google.com/*"
is the only host permission an extension has, then such an extension may set up a rule to
- cancel a request to "http://www.google.com" or "http://anything.else.com"
- send a message when navigating to "http://www.google.com" but not to "http://something.else.com"
The extension cannot set up a rule to redirect "http://www.google.com" to "http://mail.google.com".
Rules #
The Declarative Web Request API follows the concepts of the Declarative API. You can register rules to the chrome.declarativeWebRequest.onRequest
event object.
The Declarative Web Request API supports a single type of match criteria, the RequestMatcher
. The RequestMatcher
matches network requests if and only if all listed criteria are met. The following RequestMatcher
would match a network request when the user enters "http://www.example.com" in the URL bar:
var matcher = new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.RequestMatcher({
url: { hostSuffix: 'example.com', schemes: ['http'] },
resourceType: ['main_frame']
});
Requests to "https://www.example.com" would be rejected by the RequestMatcher
due to the scheme. Also all requests for an embedded iframe would be rejected due to the resourceType
.
Note: All conditions and actions are created via a constructor as shown in the example above.
In order to cancel all requests to "example.com", you can define a rule as follows:
var rule = {
conditions: [
new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.RequestMatcher({
url: { hostSuffix: 'example.com' } })
],
actions: [
new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.CancelRequest()
]
};
In order to cancel all requests to "example.com" and "foobar.com", you can add a second condition, as each condition is sufficient to trigger all specified actions:
var rule2 = {
conditions: [
new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.RequestMatcher({
url: { hostSuffix: 'example.com' } }),
new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.RequestMatcher({
url: { hostSuffix: 'foobar.com' } })
],
actions: [
new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.CancelRequest()
]
};
Register rules as follows:
chrome.declarativeWebRequest.onRequest.addRules([rule2]);
Note: You should always register or unregister rules in bulk rather than individually because each of these operations recreates internal data structures. This re-creation is computationally expensive but facilitates a very fast URL matching algorithm for hundreds of thousands of URLs. The Performance section of the Events API provides further performance tips.
Evaluation of conditions and actions #
The Declarative Web Request API follows the Life cycle model for web requests of the Web Request API. This means that conditions can only be tested at specific stages of a web request and, likewise, actions can also only be executed at specific stages. The following tables list the request stages that are compatible with conditions and actions.
Request stages during which condition attributes can be processed. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Condition attribute | onBeforeRequest | onBeforeSendHeaders | onHeadersReceived | onAuthRequired |
url | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
resourceType | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
contentType | ✓ | |||
excludeContentType | ✓ | |||
responseHeaders | ✓ | |||
excludeResponseHeaders | ✓ | |||
requestHeaders | ✓ | |||
excludeRequestHeaders | ✓ | |||
thirdPartyForCookies | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Request stages during which actions can be executed. | ||||
Event | onBeforeRequest | onBeforeSendHeaders | onHeadersReceived | onAuthRequired |
AddRequestCookie | ✓ | |||
AddResponseCookie | ✓ | |||
AddResponseHeader | ✓ | |||
CancelRequest | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
EditRequestCookie | ✓ | |||
EditResponseCookie | ✓ | |||
IgnoreRules | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
RedirectByRegEx | ✓ | ✓ | ||
RedirectRequest | ✓ | ✓ | ||
RedirectToEmptyDocument | ✓ | ✓ | ||
RedirectToTransparentImage | ✓ | ✓ | ||
RemoveRequestCookie | ✓ | |||
RemoveRequestHeader | ✓ | |||
RemoveResponseCookie | ✓ | |||
RemoveResponseHeader | ✓ | |||
SendMessageToExtension | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
SetRequestHeader | ✓ |
Note: Applicable stages can be further constrained by using the "stages" attribute.
Note: Redirects initiated by a redirect action use the original request method for the redirect, with one exception: If the redirect is initiated at the onHeadersReceived stage, then the redirect will be issued using the GET method.
Example: It is possible to combine a new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.RequestMatcher({contentType: ["image/jpeg"]})
condition with a new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.CancelRequest()
action because both of them can be evaluated in the onHeadersReceived stage. It is, however, impossible to combine the request matcher with a new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.SetRequestHeader()
because request headers cannot be set any more by the time the content type has been terminated.
Using priorities to override rules #
Rules can be associated with priorities as described in the Events API. This mechanism can be used to express exceptions. The following example will block all requests to images named "evil.jpg" except on the server "myserver.com".
var rule1 = {
priority: 100,
conditions: [
new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.RequestMatcher({
url: { pathEquals: 'evil.jpg' } })
],
actions: [
new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.CancelRequest()
]
};
var rule2 = {
priority: 1000,
conditions: [
new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.RequestMatcher({
url: { hostSuffix: '.myserver.com' } })
],
actions: [
new chrome.declarativeWebRequest.IgnoreRules({
lowerPriorityThan: 1000 })
]
};
chrome.declarativeWebRequest.onRequest.addRules([rule1, rule2]);
It is important to recognize that the IgnoreRules
action is not persisted across request stages. All conditions of all rules are evaluated at each stage of a web request. If an IgnoreRules
action is executed, it applies only to other actions that are executed for the same web request in the same stage.
Summary
- Types
- Events
Types
AddRequestCookie
Adds a cookie to the request or overrides a cookie, in case another cookie of the same name exists already. Note that it is preferred to use the Cookies API because this is computationally less expensive.
Properties
- cookie
Cookie to be added to the request. No field may be undefined.
AddResponseCookie
Adds a cookie to the response or overrides a cookie, in case another cookie of the same name exists already. Note that it is preferred to use the Cookies API because this is computationally less expensive.
Properties
- cookie
Cookie to be added to the response. The name and value need to be specified.
AddResponseHeader
Adds the response header to the response of this web request. As multiple response headers may share the same name, you need to first remove and then add a new response header in order to replace one.
Properties
- namestring
HTTP response header name.
- valuestring
HTTP response header value.
CancelRequest
Declarative event action that cancels a network request.
EditRequestCookie
Edits one or more cookies of request. Note that it is preferred to use the Cookies API because this is computationally less expensive.
Properties
- filter
Filter for cookies that will be modified. All empty entries are ignored.
- modification
Attributes that shall be overridden in cookies that machted the filter. Attributes that are set to an empty string are removed.
EditResponseCookie
Edits one or more cookies of response. Note that it is preferred to use the Cookies API because this is computationally less expensive.
Properties
- filter
Filter for cookies that will be modified. All empty entries are ignored.
- modification
Attributes that shall be overridden in cookies that machted the filter. Attributes that are set to an empty string are removed.
FilterResponseCookie
A filter of a cookie in HTTP Responses.
Properties
- ageLowerBoundnumber optional
Inclusive lower bound on the cookie lifetime (specified in seconds after current time). Only cookies whose expiration date-time is set to 'now + ageLowerBound' or later fulfill this criterion. Session cookies do not meet the criterion of this filter. The cookie lifetime is calculated from either 'max-age' or 'expires' cookie attributes. If both are specified, 'max-age' is used to calculate the cookie lifetime.
- ageUpperBoundnumber optional
Inclusive upper bound on the cookie lifetime (specified in seconds after current time). Only cookies whose expiration date-time is in the interval [now, now + ageUpperBound] fulfill this criterion. Session cookies and cookies whose expiration date-time is in the past do not meet the criterion of this filter. The cookie lifetime is calculated from either 'max-age' or 'expires' cookie attributes. If both are specified, 'max-age' is used to calculate the cookie lifetime.
- domainstring optional
Value of the Domain cookie attribute.
- expiresstring optional
Value of the Expires cookie attribute.
- httpOnlystring optional
Existence of the HttpOnly cookie attribute.
- maxAgenumber optional
Value of the Max-Age cookie attribute
- namestring optional
Name of a cookie.
- pathstring optional
Value of the Path cookie attribute.
- securestring optional
Existence of the Secure cookie attribute.
- sessionCookieboolean optional
Filters session cookies. Session cookies have no lifetime specified in any of 'max-age' or 'expires' attributes.
- valuestring optional
Value of a cookie, may be padded in double-quotes.
HeaderFilter
Filters request headers for various criteria. Multiple criteria are evaluated as a conjunction.
Properties
- nameContainsstring[] | string optional
Matches if the header name contains all of the specified strings.
- nameEqualsstring optional
Matches if the header name is equal to the specified string.
- namePrefixstring optional
Matches if the header name starts with the specified string.
- nameSuffixstring optional
Matches if the header name ends with the specified string.
- valueContainsstring[] | string optional
Matches if the header value contains all of the specified strings.
- valueEqualsstring optional
Matches if the header value is equal to the specified string.
- valuePrefixstring optional
Matches if the header value starts with the specified string.
- valueSuffixstring optional
Matches if the header value ends with the specified string.
IgnoreRules
Masks all rules that match the specified criteria.
Properties
- hasTagstring optional
If set, rules with the specified tag are ignored. This ignoring is not persisted, it affects only rules and their actions of the same network request stage. Note that rules are executed in descending order of their priorities. This action affects rules of lower priority than the current rule. Rules with the same priority may or may not be ignored.
- lowerPriorityThannumber optional
If set, rules with a lower priority than the specified value are ignored. This boundary is not persisted, it affects only rules and their actions of the same network request stage.
RedirectByRegEx
Redirects a request by applying a regular expression on the URL. The regular expressions use the RE2 syntax.
Properties
- fromstring
A match pattern that may contain capture groups. Capture groups are referenced in the Perl syntax ($1, $2, ...) instead of the RE2 syntax (\1, \2, ...) in order to be closer to JavaScript Regular Expressions.
- tostring
Destination pattern.
RedirectRequest
Declarative event action that redirects a network request.
Properties
- redirectUrlstring
Destination to where the request is redirected.
RedirectToEmptyDocument
Declarative event action that redirects a network request to an empty document.
RedirectToTransparentImage
Declarative event action that redirects a network request to a transparent image.
RemoveRequestCookie
Removes one or more cookies of request. Note that it is preferred to use the Cookies API because this is computationally less expensive.
Properties
- filter
Filter for cookies that will be removed. All empty entries are ignored.
RemoveRequestHeader
Removes the request header of the specified name. Do not use SetRequestHeader and RemoveRequestHeader with the same header name on the same request. Each request header name occurs only once in each request.
Properties
- namestring
HTTP request header name (case-insensitive).
RemoveResponseCookie
Removes one or more cookies of response. Note that it is preferred to use the Cookies API because this is computationally less expensive.
Properties
- filter
Filter for cookies that will be removed. All empty entries are ignored.
RemoveResponseHeader
Removes all response headers of the specified names and values.
Properties
- namestring
HTTP request header name (case-insensitive).
- valuestring optional
HTTP request header value (case-insensitive).
RequestCookie
A filter or specification of a cookie in HTTP Requests.
Properties
- namestring optional
Name of a cookie.
- valuestring optional
Value of a cookie, may be padded in double-quotes.
RequestMatcher
Matches network events by various criteria.
Properties
- contentTypestring[] optional
Matches if the MIME media type of a response (from the HTTP Content-Type header) is contained in the list.
- excludeContentTypestring[] optional
Matches if the MIME media type of a response (from the HTTP Content-Type header) is not contained in the list.
- excludeRequestHeadersHeaderFilter[] optional
Matches if none of the request headers is matched by any of the HeaderFilters.
- excludeResponseHeadersHeaderFilter[] optional
Matches if none of the response headers is matched by any of the HeaderFilters.
- firstPartyForCookiesUrlevents.UrlFilter optional
Deprecated. Ignored since release 82.
Matches if the conditions of the UrlFilter are fulfilled for the 'first party' URL of the request. The 'first party' URL of a request, when present, can be different from the request's target URL, and describes what is considered 'first party' for the sake of third-party checks for cookies.
- requestHeadersHeaderFilter[] optional
Matches if some of the request headers is matched by one of the HeaderFilters.
- resourceTypewebRequest.ResourceType[] optional
Matches if the request type of a request is contained in the list. Requests that cannot match any of the types will be filtered out.
- responseHeadersHeaderFilter[] optional
Matches if some of the response headers is matched by one of the HeaderFilters.
- stagesStage[] optional
Contains a list of strings describing stages. Allowed values are 'onBeforeRequest', 'onBeforeSendHeaders', 'onHeadersReceived', 'onAuthRequired'. If this attribute is present, then it limits the applicable stages to those listed. Note that the whole condition is only applicable in stages compatible with all attributes.
- thirdPartyForCookiesboolean optional
Deprecated. Ignored since release 87.
If set to true, matches requests that are subject to third-party cookie policies. If set to false, matches all other requests.
- urlevents.UrlFilter optional
Matches if the conditions of the UrlFilter are fulfilled for the URL of the request.
ResponseCookie
A specification of a cookie in HTTP Responses.
Properties
- domainstring optional
Value of the Domain cookie attribute.
- expiresstring optional
Value of the Expires cookie attribute.
- httpOnlystring optional
Existence of the HttpOnly cookie attribute.
- maxAgenumber optional
Value of the Max-Age cookie attribute
- namestring optional
Name of a cookie.
- pathstring optional
Value of the Path cookie attribute.
- securestring optional
Existence of the Secure cookie attribute.
- valuestring optional
Value of a cookie, may be padded in double-quotes.
SendMessageToExtension
Triggers the onMessage
event.
Properties
- messagestring
The value that will be passed in the
message
attribute of the dictionary that is passed to the event handler.
SetRequestHeader
Sets the request header of the specified name to the specified value. If a header with the specified name did not exist before, a new one is created. Header name comparison is always case-insensitive. Each request header name occurs only once in each request.
Properties
- namestring
HTTP request header name.
- valuestring
HTTP request header value.
Stage
Enum
"onBeforeRequest"
, "onBeforeSendHeaders"
, "onHeadersReceived"
, or "onAuthRequired"
Events
onMessage
chrome.declarativeWebRequest.onMessage.addListener(listener: function)
Fired when a message is sent via SendMessageToExtension
from an action of the declarative web request API.
Event
- listenerfunction
The listener parameter should be a function that looks like this:
(details: object) => {...}
- detailsobject
- frameIdnumber
The value 0 indicates that the request happens in the main frame; a positive value indicates the ID of a subframe in which the request happens. If the document of a (sub-)frame is loaded (
type
ismain_frame
orsub_frame
),frameId
indicates the ID of this frame, not the ID of the outer frame. Frame IDs are unique within a tab. - messagestring
The message sent by the calling script.
- methodstring
Standard HTTP method.
- parentFrameIdnumber
ID of frame that wraps the frame which sent the request. Set to -1 if no parent frame exists.
- requestIdstring
The ID of the request. Request IDs are unique within a browser session. As a result, they could be used to relate different events of the same request.
- stage
The stage of the network request during which the event was triggered.
- tabIdnumber
The ID of the tab in which the request takes place. Set to -1 if the request isn't related to a tab.
- timeStampnumber
The time when this signal is triggered, in milliseconds since the epoch.
How the requested resource will be used.
- urlstring
onRequest
chrome.declarativeWebRequest.onRequest.addListener(listener: function)
Event
- listenerfunction
The listener parameter should be a function that looks like this:
() => {...}